Materi Bahasa Inggris SMP
Narrative Text
Narrative Text adalah jenis teks yang digunakan untuk menceritakan suatu peristiwa, pengalaman, legenda, dongeng, mitos, fabel, atau cerita khayalan yang bertujuan untuk menghibur (to entertain) pembaca atau pendengar.
Narrative Text merupakan salah satu materi penting di kelas 9 SMP karena sering muncul dalam pembelajaran membaca (reading), menulis (writing), dan ujian bahasa Inggris.
Tujuan Narrative Text
Tujuan utama Narrative Text adalah:
- Menghibur pembaca.
- Menyampaikan pesan moral.
- Menceritakan rangkaian peristiwa secara menarik.
- Mengembangkan imajinasi pembaca.
Contoh cerita Narrative Text:
- Fairy Tales (dongeng)
- Fables (cerita hewan)
- Legends (legenda)
- Myths (mitos)
- Folktales (cerita rakyat)
- Short Stories (cerita pendek)
Ciri-Ciri Narrative Text
- Menceritakan kejadian masa lalu.
- Mengandung konflik atau masalah.
- Memiliki tokoh dan alur cerita.
- Menggunakan Simple Past Tense.
- Memiliki pesan moral (moral value).
- Disusun berdasarkan urutan kejadian.
Struktur Narrative Text
Narrative Text memiliki tiga struktur utama.
1. Orientation (Pengenalan)
Bagian yang memperkenalkan:
- Tokoh
- Tempat
- Waktu kejadian
Pertanyaan yang dijawab:
- Who?
- Where?
- When?
Contoh
Once upon a time, there lived a poor farmer in a small village.
Artinya:
Pada zaman dahulu, hiduplah seorang petani miskin di sebuah desa kecil.
2. Complication (Permasalahan)
Bagian yang berisi konflik atau masalah yang dihadapi tokoh.
Contoh
One day, the farmer found a golden egg. Soon, he became greedy and wanted more gold.
Artinya:
Suatu hari, petani itu menemukan telur emas. Tidak lama kemudian, ia menjadi serakah dan menginginkan lebih banyak emas.
3. Resolution (Penyelesaian)
Bagian yang menjelaskan bagaimana masalah diselesaikan.
Contoh
Finally, he realized his mistake and learned to be grateful.
Artinya:
Akhirnya, ia menyadari kesalahannya dan belajar untuk bersyukur.
Unsur Kebahasaan Narrative Text
1. Menggunakan Simple Past Tense
Contoh:
- The princess lived in a castle.
- The rabbit ran very fast.
- The king gave a reward.
2. Menggunakan Action Verbs
Action verbs adalah kata kerja yang menunjukkan tindakan.
Contoh:
- ran
- walked
- jumped
- helped
- fought
- escaped
Kalimat:
- The lion chased the mouse.
- The prince rescued the princess.
3. Menggunakan Time Connectives
Kata penghubung waktu yang menunjukkan urutan kejadian.
Contoh:
- Once upon a time
- One day
- Then
- After that
- Suddenly
- Finally
Kalimat:
- One day, a fox met a crow.
- Then, the fox made a clever plan.
- Finally, the crow realized her mistake.
Jenis-Jenis Narrative Text
1. Fairy Tale (Dongeng)
Contoh:
- Cinderella
- Snow White
- Sleeping Beauty
2. Fable (Cerita Hewan)
Contoh:
- The Lion and the Mouse
- The Hare and the Tortoise
- The Fox and the Crow
3. Legend (Legenda)
Contoh:
- Malin Kundang
- Sangkuriang
- Tangkuban Perahu
4. Myth (Mitos)
Contoh:
- Hercules
- Medusa
- Zeus
5. Folktale (Cerita Rakyat)
Contoh:
- Timun Mas
- Bawang Merah Bawang Putih
- Keong Mas
Contoh Narrative Text
The Lion and the Mouse
Once upon a time, a lion was sleeping under a tree. A little mouse accidentally ran across the lion’s body and woke him up. The lion became angry and caught the mouse. The mouse begged for forgiveness and promised to help the lion someday. The lion laughed but decided to release the mouse. A few days later, the lion was trapped in a hunter’s net. Hearing the lion’s roar, the mouse came and bit the ropes with its sharp teeth. Finally, the lion was free. The lion thanked the mouse and learned that even a small friend can be very helpful.
Struktur Teks
Orientation
- A lion was sleeping under a tree.
Complication
- The lion was trapped in a hunter’s net.
Resolution
- The mouse helped the lion escape.
Moral Value
Do not underestimate others.
(Jangan meremehkan orang lain.)
Berikut adalah ringkasan materi “Narrative Text”
Gunakan teks berikut untuk menjawab soal nomor 1-3.
The Clever Deer
One day, a hungry tiger wanted to catch a deer. The deer knew that the tiger was dangerous. The tiger chased the deer through the forest. Suddenly, the deer stopped near a deep well. The deer told the tiger that another tiger lived inside the well. When the tiger looked into the well, he saw his own reflection. Thinking it was another tiger, he jumped into the well and could not get out. The deer escaped safely.
1. What is the main character of the story?
a. A rabbit
b. A tiger
c. A deer
d. A lion
Jawaban
c. A deer
Pembahasan
Tokoh utama yang menjadi pusat cerita adalah seekor rusa (deer) yang menggunakan kecerdasannya untuk menyelamatkan diri.
2. Why did the tiger chase the deer?
a. Because he wanted to play.
b. Because he wanted to catch and eat the deer.
c. Because he was lost.
d. Because he was afraid.
Jawaban
b. Because he wanted to catch and eat the deer.
Pembahasan
Pada awal cerita disebutkan bahwa harimau lapar dan ingin menangkap rusa.
3. Where did the deer stop?
a. Near a river
b. Near a cave
c. Near a mountain
d. Near a deep well
Jawaban
d. Near a deep well
Pembahasan
Teks menyebutkan bahwa rusa berhenti di dekat sebuah sumur yang dalam.
Yuk, Kita lanjut kerjakan soal dibawah ini dengan seksama:
- Jelaskan pengertian Narrative Text serta tujuan komunikatifnya!
- Sebutkan dan jelaskan struktur Narrative Text beserta fungsinya!
- Apa perbedaan antara fable, legend, dan fairy tale? Berikan masing-masing satu contoh!
- Buatlah sebuah Narrative Text bertema persahabatan yang terdiri atas Orientation, Complication, dan Resolution!
- Jelaskan mengapa Simple Past Tense banyak digunakan dalam Narrative Text!
Next Level Challange:
Bacalah teks berikut!
The Golden Swan
Once upon a time, a poor family lived near a lake. One day, a magical swan came to their house and gave them a golden feather. Every week, the swan returned and gave another feather. The family became richer. However, the mother became greedy and wanted all the feathers at once. She caught the swan and pulled out all its feathers. Suddenly, the golden feathers turned into ordinary feathers. The swan flew away and never returned. The family became poor again.
1. What is the complication of the story?
a. The family lived near a lake.
b. The swan gave golden feathers.
c. The mother became greedy and pulled out all the feathers.
d. The swan visited every week.
2. Why did the family become poor again?
a. The swan stopped visiting them.
b. The mother sold the feathers.
c. The family moved away.
d. The lake dried up.
3. What can be inferred about the mother?
a. She was patient and wise.
b. She was generous.
c. She was greedy and impatient.
d. She was kind to animals.
4. Which sentence best represents the resolution of the story?
a. The family lived near a lake.
b. The swan gave a golden feather.
c. The mother wanted more feathers.
d. The swan flew away and never returned.
5. What is the best moral value of the story?
a. Hard work always guarantees success.
b. Greed can lead to loss and regret.
c. Wealth is more important than honesty.
d. Animals should not help humans.
