Materi Bahasa Inggris SMP
Interrogative
Interrogative adalah bentuk kalimat yang digunakan untuk mengajukan pertanyaan kepada seseorang dengan tujuan memperoleh informasi, konfirmasi, penjelasan, atau jawaban tertentu.
Dalam bahasa Inggris, kalimat tanya sangat penting karena digunakan dalam percakapan sehari-hari, wawancara, diskusi, ujian, maupun komunikasi formal dan informal.
Contoh:
- What is your name?
- Where do you live?
- Are you a student?
- Did you finish your homework?
Semua kalimat di atas merupakan interrogative sentences karena digunakan untuk meminta informasi.
Fungsi Interrogative
Kalimat tanya digunakan untuk:
- Menanyakan identitas seseorang.
- Menanyakan tempat.
- Menanyakan waktu.
- Menanyakan alasan.
- Menanyakan jumlah atau kuantitas.
- Menanyakan kepemilikan.
- Menanyakan aktivitas atau tindakan.
- Meminta konfirmasi suatu informasi.
Contoh:
- What is your favorite subject?
- Why are you late?
- How many books do you have?
- Did you visit Bali last year?
Jenis-Jenis Interrogative
Secara umum, interrogative dibagi menjadi dua kelompok utama:
1. Yes/No Questions
Yaitu pertanyaan yang dapat dijawab dengan:
- Yes
- No
Pola
Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Verb?
Contoh:
- Are you happy?
- Do you play football?
- Did she come yesterday?
- Can you swim?
Jawaban:
- Yes, I am.
- No, I am not.
- Yes, she did.
- No, she didn’t.
2. WH-Questions
WH-Questions adalah pertanyaan yang menggunakan kata tanya.
Jawabannya tidak cukup hanya “yes” atau “no”, tetapi memerlukan informasi yang lebih lengkap.
Kata Tanya (Question Words)
What
Digunakan untuk menanyakan benda, aktivitas, atau informasi umum.
Contoh
- What is your name?
- What are you doing?
- What subject do you like?
Jawaban:
- My name is Dinda.
- I am studying.
- I like English.
Who
Digunakan untuk menanyakan orang.
Contoh
- Who is your teacher?
- Who called you?
Jawaban:
- Mr. Arman is my teacher.
- Rina called me.
Where
Digunakan untuk menanyakan tempat.
Contoh
- Where do you live?
- Where is the library?
Jawaban:
- I live in Surabaya.
- It is near the office.
When
Digunakan untuk menanyakan waktu.
Contoh
- When do you study?
- When did they arrive?
Jawaban:
- I study at night.
- They arrived yesterday.
Why
Digunakan untuk menanyakan alasan.
Contoh
- Why were you absent?
- Why are you crying?
Jawaban:
- Because I was sick.
- Because I lost my wallet.
How
Digunakan untuk menanyakan cara, kondisi, atau keadaan.
Contoh
- How are you?
- How do you go to school?
Jawaban:
- I am fine.
- I go to school by bicycle.
How Many
Digunakan untuk menanyakan jumlah benda yang dapat dihitung.
Contoh
- How many books do you have?
Jawaban:
- I have ten books.
How Much
Digunakan untuk menanyakan jumlah benda yang tidak dapat dihitung atau harga.
Contoh
- How much sugar do you need?
- How much is this bag?
Jawaban:
- I need two spoons of sugar.
- It is fifty thousand rupiahs.
Rumus Kalimat Interrogative
Simple Present Tense
Pola
Do/Does + Subject + Verb 1?
Contoh:
- Do you like music?
- Does she play badminton?
Simple Past Tense
Pola
Did + Subject + Verb 1?
Contoh:
- Did you visit Bali?
- Did they watch the movie?
Present Continuous Tense
Pola
Am/Is/Are + Subject + Verb-ing?
Contoh:
- Are you studying?
- Is she sleeping?
Past Continuous Tense
Pola
Was/Were + Subject + Verb-ing?
Contoh:
- Was he reading a book?
- Were they playing football?
Future Tense
Pola
Will + Subject + Verb 1?
Contoh:
- Will you come tomorrow?
- Will they join the competition?
Contoh Paragraf Cerita
A School Interview
Last week, our English teacher invited a new student to introduce himself in front of the class. The teacher asked several questions. “What is your name?” she asked. The student answered, “My name is Rafi.” Then she asked, “Where do you come from?” and he replied, “I come from Bandung.” The teacher continued, “Why did you move to this city?” Rafi explained that his father got a new job. Finally, the teacher asked, “Do you like studying English?” Rafi smiled and answered, “Yes, I do.” The class welcomed him warmly after the interview.
Analisis Kalimat Interrogative
- What is your name?
- Where do you come from?
- Why did you move to this city?
- Do you like studying English?
Semua kalimat tersebut merupakan kalimat tanya.
Berikut adalah ringkasan materi “Interrogative”
1. Choose the correct question word.
______ is your favorite food?
a. Where
b. Why
c. What
d. Who
Jawaban
c. What
Pembahasan
Pertanyaan menanyakan jenis makanan favorit sehingga menggunakan What.
2. Complete the sentence.
______ do you live?
a. Who
b. Where
c. What
d. Why
Jawaban
b. Where
Pembahasan
Karena menanyakan tempat tinggal, digunakan kata tanya Where.
3. Choose the correct answer.
______ she play volleyball every weekend?
a. Do
b. Did
c. Does
d. Is
Jawaban
c. Does
Pembahasan
Subjek she pada Simple Present Tense menggunakan Does.
Yuk, Kita lanjut kerjakan soal dibawah ini dengan seksama:
- Jelaskan pengertian kalimat Interrogative dan fungsi penggunaannya dalam komunikasi sehari-hari!
- Jelaskan perbedaan antara Yes/No Questions dan WH-Questions beserta contohnya!
- Buatlah masing-masing lima kalimat tanya menggunakan:
- What
- Who
- Where
- When
- Why
- Buatlah 10 kalimat interrogative menggunakan berbagai tenses (Simple Present, Simple Past, Present Continuous, Past Continuous, dan Future Tense)!
- Tuliskan sebuah dialog singkat antara guru dan siswa yang berisi minimal 10 kalimat tanya (interrogative sentences)!
Next Level Challange:
1. Choose the correct sentence.
a. Why did she left the classroom early?
b. Why she did leave the classroom early?
c. Why did she leave the classroom early?
d. Why did she leaving the classroom early?
2. Complete the sentence.
“______ were the students doing when the principal arrived?”
a. What
b. Where
c. Why
d. Who
3. Choose the correct answer.
“______ your brother usually go to school by bicycle?”
a. Do
b. Does
c. Did
d. Is
4. Complete the dialogue.
A: “______ did you meet your new friend?”
B: “At the school library last Monday.”
a. What
b. When
c. Who
d. Why
5. Choose the grammatically correct question.
a. Were they playing football when the rain started?
b. Were they played football when the rain started?
c. Did they were playing football when the rain started?
d. Were they play football when the rain started?
