Materi Bahasa Inggris SMP
Past Tense
Past Tense atau lebih tepatnya Simple Past Tense adalah bentuk kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian, tindakan, peristiwa, atau keadaan yang sudah terjadi dan selesai di masa lampau.
Dalam Simple Past Tense, waktu terjadinya peristiwa biasanya sudah jelas, misalnya:
- yesterday (kemarin)
- last night (tadi malam)
- last week (minggu lalu)
- last month (bulan lalu)
- last year (tahun lalu)
- two days ago (dua hari yang lalu)
- in 2020
- this morning (jika waktu berbicara sudah lewat)
Contoh
- I visited my grandmother yesterday.
- She watched a movie last night.
- They played football last Sunday.
Semua kegiatan tersebut sudah selesai dilakukan di masa lalu.
Fungsi Past Tense
Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk:
1. Menyatakan Kejadian yang Sudah Selesai
Contoh:
- I cleaned my room yesterday.
- We studied English last night.
2. Menyatakan Kebiasaan di Masa Lalu
Contoh:
- I played in the park every afternoon when I was a child.
- My grandfather walked to school when he was young.
3. Menyatakan Peristiwa Berurutan di Masa Lalu
Contoh:
- I woke up, took a bath, ate breakfast, and went to school.
Rumus Simple Past Tense
A. Kalimat Verbal
Kalimat verbal menggunakan kata kerja (verb).
Bentuk Positif (+)
Subject + Verb 2 + Object/Complement
Contoh:
- I visited Bali last year.
- She studied English yesterday.
- They played football last Sunday.
Bentuk Negatif (-)
Subject + did not (didn’t) + Verb 1 + Object
Contoh:
- I did not visit Bali last year.
- She didn’t study English yesterday.
- They didn’t play football last Sunday.
Catatan: Setelah did not/didn’t, kata kerja kembali menjadi Verb 1.
Bentuk Interogatif (?)
Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?
Contoh:
- Did you visit Bali last year?
- Did she study English yesterday?
- Did they play football last Sunday?
Jawaban:
- Yes, I did.
- No, I didn’t.
B. Kalimat Nominal
Kalimat nominal tidak menggunakan kata kerja tindakan, melainkan menggunakan was atau were.
Positif
Subject + was/were + Complement
Contoh:
- I was happy yesterday.
- She was at home.
- They were tired.
Negatif
Subject + was/were + not + Complement
Contoh:
- I was not happy yesterday.
- She was not at home.
- They were not tired.
Interogatif
Was/Were + Subject + Complement?
Contoh:
- Was she at home?
- Were they tired?
Keterangan Waktu yang Sering Digunakan
| Keterangan Waktu | Arti |
|---|---|
| yesterday | kemarin |
| last night | tadi malam |
| last week | minggu lalu |
| last month | bulan lalu |
| last year | tahun lalu |
| two days ago | dua hari lalu |
| an hour ago | satu jam lalu |
| in 2022 | pada tahun 2022 |
Contoh Paragraf Cerita
My Holiday Last Month
Last month, my family and I went to the beach. We left home early in the morning and arrived at the beach at eight o’clock. The weather was sunny and beautiful. My brother played volleyball with his friends, while I swam in the sea. We ate lunch together near the shore and took many pictures. In the afternoon, we watched the sunset before going home. We were very happy because the holiday was enjoyable and memorable.
Terjemahan
Bulan lalu, saya dan keluarga pergi ke pantai. Kami berangkat dari rumah pagi-pagi dan tiba di pantai pukul delapan. Cuacanya cerah dan indah. Saudara laki-laki saya bermain voli dengan teman-temannya, sementara saya berenang di laut. Kami makan siang bersama di dekat pantai dan mengambil banyak foto. Pada sore hari, kami menyaksikan matahari terbenam sebelum pulang. Kami sangat senang karena liburan itu menyenangkan dan berkesan.
Berikut adalah ringkasan materi “Past Tense”
1. Complete the sentence.
I ______ to school yesterday.
a. go
b. goes
c. went
d. gone
Jawaban
c. went
Pembahasan
Kata yesterday menunjukkan masa lalu, sehingga harus menggunakan Verb 2 dari go, yaitu went.
Kalimat lengkap:
I went to school yesterday.
2. Choose the correct answer.
She ______ television last night.
a. watches
b. watched
c. watch
d. watching
Jawaban
b. watched
Pembahasan
Last night menunjukkan Simple Past Tense. Verb 2 dari watch adalah watched.
3. Complete the sentence.
They ______ football last Sunday.
a. play
b. playing
c. played
d. plays
Jawaban
c. played
Pembahasan
Keterangan waktu last Sunday menunjukkan kejadian lampau sehingga menggunakan Verb 2.
Yuk, Kita lanjut kerjakan soal dibawah ini dengan seksama:
- Jelaskan pengertian Simple Past Tense dan sebutkan tiga fungsi utamanya!
- Tuliskan rumus kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif pada Simple Past Tense!
- Buatlah 10 kalimat Simple Past Tense yang terdiri atas:
- 5 kalimat verbal
- 5 kalimat nominal
- Jelaskan perbedaan antara Regular Verb dan Irregular Verb beserta masing-masing lima contoh!
- Buatlah sebuah paragraf tentang pengalaman liburanmu menggunakan minimal 10 kalimat Simple Past Tense!
Next Level Challange:
1. Choose the correct sentence.
a. She didn’t went to school yesterday.
b. She didn’t goes to school yesterday.
c. She didn’t go to school yesterday.
d. She didn’t going to school yesterday.
2. Complete the sentence correctly.
“Last weekend, my family ______ to Yogyakarta and ______ many historical places.”
a. go – visit
b. went – visited
c. gone – visited
d. went – visit
3. Choose the correct answer.
“When I was young, I ______ football every afternoon with my friends.”
a. play
b. plays
c. played
d. playing
4. Which sentence is grammatically correct?
a. Were your parents at home last night?
b. Did your parents were at home last night?
c. Was your parents at home last night?
d. Did your parents at home last night?
5. Complete the sentence.
“The students ______ their homework before they ______ to bed.”
a. finished – went
b. finish – go
c. finished – go
d. finishing – went
