Materi Bahasa Inggris SMA
Passive Voice
Passive voice adalah bentuk kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris yang digunakan ketika fokus utama kalimat terletak pada objek yang menerima tindakan, bukan pada pelaku tindakan tersebut. Dalam passive voice, subjek kalimat bukanlah pelaku, melainkan penerima aksi.
Perhatikan perbedaan berikut:
Active Voice
The teacher explains the lesson.
(Guru menjelaskan pelajaran.)
Pada kalimat ini, the teacher adalah pelaku tindakan.
Passive Voice
The lesson is explained by the teacher.
(Pelajaran dijelaskan oleh guru.)
Pada kalimat ini, fokus berpindah ke the lesson sebagai penerima tindakan.
Passive voice sering digunakan dalam:
penulisan ilmiah,
berita,
laporan formal,
prosedur,
ketika pelaku tidak diketahui,
atau ketika pelaku tidak penting untuk disebutkan.
Contoh Teks “Passive Voice“
About School
Every morning, the classrooms are cleaned before the students arrive. The attendance is checked by the teachers at the beginning of the lesson. During the class, English is spoken as much as possible to improve communication skills. At the end of the day, the assignments are collected and evaluated carefully.
Passive Voice yang digunakan:
- are cleaned
- is checked
- is spoken
- are collected
- evaluated
Berikut adalah rumus dasar “Passive Voice”
Dari teori mendasar diatas, yuk kita analisis isi soal dan pembahasan dibawah ini:
1. The classroom _____ every day by the students.
A. clean
B. cleans
C. is cleaned
D. cleaned
Jawaban:
✅ C. is cleaned
Pembahasan:
Kalimat ini menggunakan Simple Present Passive Voice karena terdapat keterangan “every day” yang menunjukkan kebiasaan.
Rumus:
Subject + is/am/are + Verb 3
Kata kerja “clean” harus diubah menjadi Verb 3 yaitu cleaned.
Sehingga:
The classroom is cleaned every day by the students.
2. A new bridge _____ last year.
A. builds
B. was built
C. is built
D. has built
Jawaban:
✅ B. was built
Pembahasan:
Keterangan waktu “last year” menunjukkan Simple Past Tense.
Rumus passive:
Subject + was/were + Verb 3
Verb 3 dari “build” adalah built.
Kalimat yang benar:
A new bridge was built last year.
Yuk, kita berlatih sekarang!
Kerjakanlah soal dibawah ini dengan seksama:
- Identify all passive voice sentences found in the paragraph above, then change them into active voice sentences.
- Explain the main characteristics of passive voice used in the paragraph along with the sentence patterns.
- Create three new passive voice sentences using different tenses from those found in the paragraph.
- Why is passive voice often used in formal or scientific writing? Explain your opinion in detail.
- Write one short paragraph about education or the environment using at least five passive voice sentences.
Next Level Challange:
1. Which sentence is written correctly in the passive voice?
A. The new policy has implemented by the government last month.
B. The new policy was being implemented by the government last month.
C. The new policy implemented by the government last month.
D. The new policy has been implement by the government last month.
2. Choose the correct passive form of the sentence below:
“People believe that climate change affects global temperatures significantly.”
A. Climate change is believed affecting global temperatures significantly.
B. It is believed that global temperatures significantly affect climate change.
C. Climate change is believed to affect global temperatures significantly.
D. Global temperatures are believed affecting climate change significantly.
3. Which sentence contains an incorrect use of passive voice?
A. The final report had been completed before the deadline was announced.
B. Several important documents were stolen during the meeting.
C. The project was succeeded by the research team last year.
D. A new vaccine is being developed by international scientists.
4. Choose the best passive transformation of the sentence below:
“The committee will announce the winners tomorrow.”
A. The winners will announce by the committee tomorrow.
B. The winners will be announced tomorrow by the committee.
C. The winners are announced by the committee tomorrow.
D. The winners will being announced by the committee tomorrow.
5. Read the sentence below carefully:
“The ancient temple has been restored by local historians for the last two years.”
What tense is used in the sentence?
A. Simple Present Passive
B. Present Continuous Passive
C. Present Perfect Passive
D. Past Perfect Passive
