Book a Call

Edit Template
Materi Bahasa Inggris SMA

Explanation Text

Explanation Text adalah jenis teks dalam bahasa Inggris yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana atau mengapa suatu fenomena terjadi. Fenomena tersebut dapat berupa kejadian alam, proses ilmiah, sosial, budaya, maupun berbagai peristiwa yang terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

Tujuan utama explanation text adalah memberikan pemahaman kepada pembaca mengenai proses terjadinya sesuatu secara logis, sistematis, dan faktual. Oleh karena itu, teks ini sering ditemukan dalam buku pelajaran, artikel ilmiah, ensiklopedia, maupun media pendidikan.

Berbeda dengan narrative text yang berfokus pada cerita, explanation text lebih menekankan pada proses, sebab-akibat, dan urutan kejadian.

Struktur Explanation Text

1. General Statement

Bagian pembuka yang berisi pengenalan fenomena yang akan dijelaskan.

Contoh:

Rain is a natural process that occurs in the water cycle.

2. Sequenced Explanation

Bagian inti yang menjelaskan proses atau tahapan terjadinya fenomena secara berurutan.

Contoh:

Water evaporates because of the heat from the sun. Then, the vapor forms clouds in the atmosphere.

3. Closing / Conclusion

Bagian penutup yang berisi simpulan atau penegasan kembali mengenai fenomena tersebut.

Contoh:

Therefore, rain is an important part of the natural water cycle.

Contoh  Teks “Explanation Text”

Title: “How Rain Happens”

Rain is part of the natural water cycle. It occurs because of evaporation and condensation processes in the atmosphere.

First, water from rivers, lakes, and oceans is heated by the sun and evaporates into the air. Then, the water vapor rises and cools down, forming clouds. When the clouds become too heavy, the water droplets fall to the earth as rain.

Therefore, rain plays an important role in maintaining life on Earth.

Berikut adalah karakter utama dari teks “Explanation Text”

Dari ringkasan materi diatas, yuk kita analisis contoh soal dan pembahasan dibawah ini:

  1. What is the main purpose of an explanation text?

    Jawaban:

    To explain how or why a phenomenon happens.

    Pembahasan:

    Explanation text bertujuan menjelaskan proses atau alasan terjadinya suatu fenomena secara logis dan sistematis.

  2. Which part of an explanation text contains the sequence of processes?

    Jawaban:

    Sequenced Explanation.

    Pembahasan:

    Bagian sequenced explanation menjelaskan tahapan atau proses terjadinya fenomena secara berurutan.

  3. Identify the passive voice sentence below:

    “Water is heated by the sun.”

    Jawaban:

    “Water is heated by the sun.”

    Pembahasan:

    Kalimat tersebut menggunakan passive voice dengan pola:
    Subject + to be + past participle.

 

Yuk, sekarang kita lanjut berlatih dengan soal dibawah ini:

Kerjakanlah soal dibawah ini dengan seksama:

  1. Explain the differences between explanation text and narrative text in terms of purpose and structure.
  2. Why is simple present tense commonly used in explanation texts? Explain your answer clearly.
  3. Describe the structure of an explanation text and explain the function of each section.
  4. Write an explanation text about how earthquakes occur.
  5. Analyze how sequence connectors help readers understand explanation texts effectively.

Next Level Challange:

  1. Which statement BEST describes the social function of an explanation text?
    A. To entertain readers with imaginative stories
    B. To persuade readers to follow certain instructions
    C. To explain the process or cause of a phenomenon logically
    D. To describe someone’s personal experience emotionally

  2. Read the sentence below:
    “The vapor is cooled in the atmosphere before clouds are formed.”
    Which characteristic of explanation text is MOST clearly shown in the sentence?
    A. Use of direct speech
    B. Use of passive voice
    C. Use of narrative conflict
    D. Use of personal opinion

  3. Why are technical terms frequently used in explanation texts?
    A. To make the text sound more emotional
    B. To create fictional situations
    C. To provide accurate and specific information
    D. To entertain readers with unusual vocabulary

  4. Read the excerpt below:
    “First, magma rises from beneath the Earth’s surface. Then, pressure builds up inside the volcano until an eruption occurs.”
    What organizational pattern is used in the excerpt?
    A. Comparison and contrast
    B. Chronological sequence
    C. Problem and solution
    D. Descriptive classification

  5. Which sentence below is MOST appropriate as a general statement in an explanation text?
    A. Last weekend, my family visited a waterfall near our town.
    B. Many students enjoy reading adventure novels in their free time.
    C. Photosynthesis is a biological process that allows plants to produce food using sunlight.
    D. My best friend told me an interesting story about volcanic eruptions.
 
 
0 Shares

SMART EDUCATION

Profesional & Berkarakter
Jl. Suromulang Selatan VII no 16 – Kota Mojokerto
08585-274-2625
0897-777-2700